Central & Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus

Causes of central diabetes insipidus:
1-Head trauma

2-Post-surgical (hypophysectomy)

3-Tumors

* craniopharyngioma
* pinealoma
* meningioma
* germinoma
* leukemia/lymphoma
* metastatic tumors

4-Infections

* tuberculosis
* syphilis
* mycosis
* toxoplasmosis
* encepahlitis
* basilar meningitis

5-Granulomatous disesases

* sarcoidosis
* histiocytosis
* Wegeners' granulomatosis

6-Cerebrovascular diseases

* aneurysms
* cavernous sinus thrombosis
* Sheehan's syndrome (pospartum pituatry infarction)
* CVA

7-Idiopathic

Causes of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus:
1-Congenital

2-Medications

* lithium
* demecyclocine
* amphotericin B
* methoxyflurane
* colchicine
* vinblastine
* aminoglycosides
* cisplatin

3-Obstructive uropathy - during relief of obstruction

4-Chronic tubulo-interstitial kidney diseases

* analgesic nephropathy
* sickle cell nephropathy
* multiple myeloma
* amyloidosis
* sarcoidosis
* Sjogrens disease
* autoimmune/lupus
* polycystic kidney disease
* medullary cystic disease

5-Electrolyte disorders

* hypercalcemia
* potassium depletion